(精品推荐)XX届高考二轮复习英语学案--专题一名词和冠词
【典例精析】
1.(XX福建)what’sthe_____ofhavingapublicopenspacewhereyoucan’teat,drinkorevensimplyhangoutforawhile?
a.sense b.matter c.case d.opinion
【解析】asense意为“感觉”在这样一个公共场所,不可以吃喝甚至不可以走动有什么感觉。
2.(XX天津卷)mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningof____likecoal,gasandoil.
a.fuels b.articles c.goods d.products
【解析】a fuel燃料,题干中coal,gas,oil均为燃料,由此选出a
3.(XX山东)iboughtadressforonly10dollarsinasale;itwasareal______.
a.exchange b.bargain c.trade d.business
【解析】bbargain廉价货符合句意,exchange交换;trade贸易,买卖;business事业,业务均不合句意
4.(XX江西卷)—shallwegooutforawalk?
—sorry.thisisnottheright____toinviteme.iamtootiredtowalk.
a.moment b.situation c.place d.chance
【解析】a句意为:此刻邀请我不合适,moment此时,此刻符合句意;situation形式;place地方;chance机会均不合题意
5.(XX湖北卷)theyoungmanmadea______tohisparentsthathewouldtrytoearnhisownlivingaftergraduation.
a.prediction b.promise c.plan d.contribution
【解析】b年轻人对父母做出许诺。b许诺,答应符合句意;a意思为预测,c为计划,d意为贡献均不合句意
6.(XX湖北卷)thetopleadersofthetwocountriesareholdingtalksinafriendly______
a.atmosphere b.state c.situation d.phenomenon
【解析】a atmosphere氛围。气氛符合句意;b为状态;c为形式;d意为现象
7.(XX安徽卷)tosavesomeofthehumanlanguagesbeforetheyareforgotten,thestudentsinourschoolstartedadiscussion“saveour________”.
a.sky b.life c.arts d.voices共
【解析】d句意:为了拯救那些被遗忘的人类语言,我校同学开展了题为“拯救我们的声音”的大讨论;此处声音妥当
8.(XX辽宁卷)myneighboraskedmetogofor_________walk,butidon’tthinki’vegot_________energy.
a.a;不填 b.the;the c.不填;the d.a;the
【解析】dgoforawalk去散步,走走,固定搭配;theenergy那个力量,专指去散步的力量,具体所指,所以用定冠词the.
9.(XX全国ⅱ)it’snot_________goodideatodriveforfourhourswithout_________break.
a.a;a b.the;a c.the;the d.a;the
【解析】a开车好几个小时没有一个一次休息不是一个好主意,所以从意义上都是单数,而且是可数名词,所以都用不定冠词a.
10.(XX山东卷)studentsshouldbeencouragedtouse_____internetas_________resource.
a.不填;a b.不填;the c.the;the d.the;a
【解析】d因特网专有名词用定冠词;作为一种资源,种类泛指用不定冠词a.
11.(XX湖南卷,22)haveyouheard______news?thepieceof_______petrolisgoingupagain!
a.the,the b.不填,the c.the,不填 d.不填,不填
【解析】c听说那个消息,特指后面的石油价格上涨,所以用定冠词;石油不可数名词,所以不用任何冠词
12.(XX江苏卷,21)wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross______continent.
a.the;the b.不填;the c.the;不填 d.不填;不填
【解析】bby+交通工具中间不用任何冠词;与水路对应,专指陆路,所以用定冠词the.
13.(XX江西卷,30)---iamsosorrytohavecomelateforthemeeting.
---itisnotyourfault.with__rush-hourtrafficand__heavyrain,itisnowonderyouwerelate.
a.a;a b.the;the c./;/ d./;a共
【解析】a一种。。。样的交通状况用a;这么一场大雨,泛指,用a.
14.(XX陕西卷,10)iate_________sandwichwhileiwaswaitingfor_________20:08train.
a.the,a b.the,the c.a,the d.a,a
【解析】c我吃了一个三明治,一般所指;特指哪一列火车,用定冠词the.
15.(四川卷,08)intheunitedstates,thereisalways____flowofpeopletoareasof______countrywheremorejobscanbefound.
a.a;the b.the;a c.the;the d.a;a
【解析】a一群人流,aflowof固定搭配;特指能找到工作的那个地方,所以用定冠词。
16.(XX浙江卷,2)______applefellfromthetreeandhithimon______head.
a.an; the b.the; the c.an;不填 d.the;不填
【解析】a一个苹果,可数名词;hitsbonthehead固定用法。击中某人某个部位用定冠词。
17.(XX重庆卷)inmanyplacesinchina,___bicycleisstill___popularmeansoftransportation.
a.a;the b./;a c.the;a d.the;the
【解析】c自行车,专指大家知道的交通工具,用定冠词表类别;一种。。。方式,固定用法。
【学法导航】按照名词和冠词的考查规律,同学们在复习备考中要注意:
1.语义学习是语言学习过程中的基础,没有一定的词汇量,听说读写等其它能力无从谈起。所以,在备考中,一定要重视词汇语义的学习和复习
2.词汇意义的领悟和掌握既要机械记忆,又要在阅读、运用中领悟,巩固。要将词汇织成一个网,全面掌握一些重要的词汇及相关词汇
3.同义词近义词的学习必须进行专项复习。收集大量的语言实例,反复记忆,用心领悟。
4.考查零冠词用法。
5.和某些抽象名词连用,使其具体化以及不可数名词在特指情况下将成为考查重点。
6.冠词在一些固定短语,特殊句式的运用将仍旧会出现在某些省市的高考试卷中。
7.比较级中的冠词也是考查的重点。
8.冠词的基本用法,定冠词在adj.前表示一类尤其是考查的重点。
9.语境、语义下的冠词灵活运用。
10.根据知识网络将冠词的基本用法记牢,这是你做好试题的前提。
11.熟悉一些名词的用法,和冠词结合。有很多不可数名词,有时候被具体化的情况,也是考查的重点共
12.多做练习,能够提高熟悉语境的能力,很多考题是要和语境相联系起来考查的,这方面一定要重视
【专题综合】
1.iheardyouhave______vacantpositionforasecretary.i’vecometoapplyfor_____job.
a.the;a b.a;the c.不填;a d.a;不填
2.---john,thereis_____mr.wilsononthephoneforyou.
----i’min____bath.
a.a;the b.the;a c.a;不填 d.不填; 不填
3.peoplethinkthat______openingceremonyofthe29tholympicgamesis_____greatsuccess.
a.an;a b.the;a c.the;the d.the;x
4.---doyouoftenlistento_____radio?
----no,infactihaven’tgot____radio.
a.a;the b.不填;a c.the;a d.the;the
5.---waiter,couldwehave_____bill,please?
----darling,don’tforgettoleave____tip.
a.a;the b.a;不填 c.the;不填 d.the;a
6.theresearchshowedbeyond________thatsmokingcontributestoheartdiseases.
a.wonder b.doubt c.problem d.use
7wouldyoutakemyoldtvin_______forthiscamera?
a.place b.return c.exchange d.business
8facedwiththehardfinancial____________,allthecountriesintheworldshouldlearntocooperatetogetitover.
a.situation b.position c.phenomenon d.state
9.itisaspectacular__________asthefireworksaresetoffandlightupthewhoskyduringthespringfestival.共
a.look b.view c.scenery d.sight
10.quiteafewemployees’paymentsarecutdownandbarelycovertheirhousehold________duetotheseriouseconomiccrisis.
a.bills b.expenses c.prices d.charges
11.suddenlywefeltthe_________atmospheregrowtenseasneitherofthesideswouldgivein.
a.atmosphere b.state c.situation d.phenomenon
12.thechinesearelookingforwardtothefirst_______tolandonthemoonafterthreechineseastronauts’successfultriptospace.
a.measure b.attempt c.purpose d.desire
13.—whodidyoustaywithyesterday?icouldn’tfindyouanywhere.
—___________.
a.mr.green’s b.thegreens c.greens d.themr.green’s
14.ishouldn’thaveacceptedtheman’spresent,butifounditdifficulttoturndownhis______.
a.offer b.request c.suggestion d.plan
15.hekeptsendingherpresentsinanattempttowinher_______.
a.respect b.favor c.admiration d.pleasure
参考答案1-5badcd
6【解析】bbeyonddoubt为固定短语,意为:无疑,确实。本句句意为:这项研究确实表明吸烟会导致心脏疾病。
7.【解析】cinreturnfor…作为回报;inexchangefor…交换。你愿意用我的旧电视机换这架照相机吗?
8【解析】a面对严重的经济形势,世界各国应努力合作共同克服。situation形式,处境。
9【解析】dlook看;面貌;view指从某处看到的景色;scenery指自然景色;sight指所看到的事物,景象。在春节期间,当烟火被点燃照亮整个夜空的时候真是一幅壮观的景象。
10.【解析】bexpense意为“(时间、精力、金钱等的)消耗,花销,费用”。很多雇员收入下降不够维持生活的费用”。故选b项。bill意为“账单,清单”。price意为“价格,价钱,市价,代价,价值”。charge意为“费用,捐税,代价,记账”,作“费用”解时指卖方开出的价钱。共
11【解析】a atmosphere氛围,d意为现象。我们突然感觉到气氛变得紧张了。
12【解析】bmeasure措施;attempt试图,尝试;purpose目的;desire渴望,欲望。在中国三名宇航员成功遨游太空后,中国正盼望着登月的第一次尝试.
13【解析】b此题考查考生对复数姓氏名词的掌握能力。表示姓…的一家人,应用the+姓氏的复数形式。
14【解析】aoffer:statementofferingtodo,orgivesthtosb.(为某人做某事或给某人某事物的)建议,提议request:actofaskingforsth.要求;suggestion提议或建议的内容;plan计划。本句句意为:我本不该接受那个人的礼物,但很难拒绝他的提议。故选a。
15.【解析】b他不停送给她礼物,试图获得她的好感。favor:liking,goodwill,approval喜爱,宠爱,好感,欢心。
【专题突破】
冠词做题技巧点拨:注意固定短语中的冠词;名词的具体化;抽象名词表示特指;在做题中要注意前后两个空的彼此照应;可以依据意思和语境把握冠词。
名词做题技巧点拨:注意同义词、近义词意思的把握,要依据语意、词义进行辨析。
1.recentlycctvstationhastakengreatpainstomakeaprogramthatreviewsthe important_____0fXX.
a.affairs b.events c.matters d.things
2.there’sno______frommybedroomwindowexceptforsomefactorychimneys.
a.view b.scene c.sight d.look
3.sheisinapoor______ofhealth,whichworrieshermothermuch.
a.position b.situation c.state d.condition
4.theexperimentturnedouttobe________,whichwasn’t______theywanted.
a.acompletelyfailing;as b.acompletefailure;what
c.completelyfailure;that d.failed;不填
5.inthebotanicgardenwecanfinda(n)______ofplantsthatrangefromtalltreestosmallflowers.
a.species b.group c.amount d.variety
6.hewaschosen_________ofthecompany.
a.manager b.amanager c.themanager d.asamanager
7.ilookedunder__________bedandfound__________bookilostlastweek.共
a.the;a b.the:the c.不填;the d.the;不填
8.—howabout__________christmaseveningparty?
—ishouldsayitwas__________success.
a.a;a b.the;a c.a;不填 d.the;不填
9.polarbearslivemostlyon__________seaice,whichtheyuseas__________platformforhuntingseals.
a.a;a b.a;the c.不填;a d.the;不填
10.wehaveeveryreasontobelievethat__________XXbeijingolympicgameswillbe__________success.
a.不填;a b.the;不填 c.the;a d.a;a
11.manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoon__________balanceddietandmake__________roomintheirdayforexercise.
a.a;不填 b.the;a c.the;the d.不填;a
12.—couldyoutellmethewayto__________johnsons,please?
—sorry,wedon’thave__________johnsonhereinthevillage.
a.the;the b.the;a c.不填;the d.the;不填
13.__________walkisexpectedtolastallday,sobring__________packedlunch.
a.a;a b.the;不填 c.the;a d.a;不填
14.in__________filmcastaway.tomhanksplays__________mannamedchucknoland.
a.a;the b.the;a c.the;the d.a;a
15.howabouttaking__________shortbreak?iwanttomake__________call.
a.the;a b.a;the c.the;the d.a;a共
16.iwantedtocatch__________earlytrain,butcouldn’tget__________ridetothestation.
a.an,the b.不填,the c.an,不填 d.the,a
17.ilike__________colorofyourskirt.itis__________goodmatchforyourblouse.
a.a;the b.a;a c.the;a d.the;the
18.georgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetmr.anderson,buthewassureitwas__________sundaybecauseeverybodywasat__________church.
a.不填;the b.the;不填 c.a;不填 d.不填;a
19.—iknockedovermycoffeecup.itwentrightover__________.—youshouldn’tputdrinksnear__________computer.
a.the;不填 b.the;a c.a;不填 d.a;a
20.in__________reviewoff44studies,americanresearchersfoundthatmenandwomenwhoatesixkeyfoodsdailycuttheriskof__________heartdiseaseby76%._______
a.a;the b.the;a c.a;不填 d.不填;a
21.ofall__________reasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather’sadvicewas__________mostimportantone.
a.the;a b.不填;a c. 不填;the d.the;the
22.forhim__________stageisjust__________meansofmakingaliving.
a.a;a b.the;a c. the;the d.a;the
23.accordingto__________worldhealthorganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent__________spreadofaids.
a.the;不填 b.the;the c.a;a d.不填;the共
24.everywheremanhascutdown__________forestsinordertogrowcrops,ortouse__________woodasfuelorasbuildingmaterial.
a.the;the b.the;不填 c.不填;the d.不填;不填
25.iknowyoudon’tlike__________musicverymuch.butwhatdoyouthinkof__________musicinthefilmwesawyesterday?
a.不填;不填 b.the;the c.the;不填 d.不填;the
参考答案 1-5bacbd6-10abbcc11-15abcbd16-20.dccbc21-25dbbcd
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