【人教新课标】XX年高考一轮复习黄金学案――unit5 themeparks(必修四)
一、语言要点i单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)
词汇
部分
词语
辨析1.whichever/nomatterwhich 2.cloth/clothe/clothes/clothing 3.preserve/reserve词形变化1.centraladj.中央的,核心的;(位于)中心的;主要的centern.圆心,正中;中心v.把……集中于centrallyadv.中央地,集中地2.attractvt.吸引,引起……的注意 attractionn.吸引(力);具有吸引力的人或物attractiveadj.有吸引力的,引起注意的3.tourismn.旅游事业 tourv.旅行,游历touristn.旅游者,观光者4.lengthn.长,长度,距离;一段,一节lengthenv.(使)变长,延伸longadj./adv.长(期)的(地)n.长时间vi.渴望5.settlern.移居者;殖民者settlevt.调停;安排;支付vi.定居;飞落settlementn.解决,协议;居留地6.translatorn.译者translatev.翻译translationn.翻译,译文7.admissionn.准许进(加)入;入场费(卷);承认admitvt.承认;准许……进(加)入vi.承认重点单词1.variousadj.不同的;各种各样的2.amusementn.娱乐品;娱乐;快3.swing(swung,swung)vt.&vi.摇摆;摆动n.[c]摇摆;千秋4.funn.[u]有趣的人或事,玩笑,娱乐5.preservevt.保存;保留;保护n.[c,u]保护(区)6.advancevi.前进vt.预先发放,提前n.进展重点词组1.befamous/knownfor由于……而闻名;以……而著称2.nowonder难怪;不足为奇3.bemodelledafter/on根据……模仿;仿造4.cometolifevi.活跃起来;苏醒过来,振作起来,表现生动5.within(easy)reachof...在……可(容易)到达或前往的距离以内
重点句子1.someparksarefamousforhavingthebiggestorlongestrollercoasters,othersforshowingthefamoussightsandsoundsofaculture.2.ifdriving,futuroscopeiswithineasyreachofthefreeway.
重点语法v-ing的基本用法(见语法部分)ii词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1.whichever/nomatterwhich【解释】 whichever无论哪一个;任何一个/些1)引导名词从句,即主语从句或宾语从句;2)引导让步状语从句=nomatterwhich,译作“无论哪一个”。nomatterwhich只能引导让步状语从句。【练习】用whichever,nomatterwhich填空。1)._________ofyoucomesinfirstwillgetthebook.2)._________sidewins,ishallbesatisfied.3).youcantake_________youlike.4).________youchoose,youmuststandbyyourdecision.keys:1).whichever 2).whichever(=nomatterwhich) 3).whichever 4).whichever(=nomatterwhich)2.cloth/clothe/clothes/clothing【解释】cloth n.指“衣料”时是不可数名词,作“(特殊用途的)布”时,是可数名词,如:atablecloth;adish-cloth共15页,当前第1页123456789101112131415clothevt.给“给……穿衣,为……提供衣物”,如:hehastoworkhardtofeedandclothehislargefamily.clothesn.指“衣服\服装”;包括“上衣\裤子\内衣”等,是复数名词,没有单数,不能直接和连词连用,后面要接复数动词,如:thesenewclothesareallforher.clothingn.指“总称衣服\被褥”,还包括“帽子\鞋袜”等,没有复数形式,后面跟单数动词,如:ourclothingprotectsusfromcold. / acoatisaclothing.【练习】用cloth,clothe,clothes,clothing填空。 1).wehaveenoughfoodand________forthewinter.2).she’sgotmanybeautiful________.3).nowtheyareabletofeedand________theirchildrenbetter.4).hewasfollowing_______behind.5).shebegancleaningthewoundwithapieceof_______.6).wipethesurfaceofthetablewithadamp_______.keys:1).clothing 2).clothes 3).clothe 4).closely 5).cloth 6).cloth3.preserve/reserve【解释】preserve意为“保护;维护;保养;防止(食物)腐败”,强调使不受破坏。reserve意为“保留,储备,订(座位),预定”,强调为某一特殊目的。【练习】用preserve,reserve填空。1).atminus130ºc,alivingcellcanbe_________forathousandyears.2).weare_________theseseatsforourparents.3).you’dbetter_________yourstrengthforthebasketballgame.4).thegovernment________therightsoftheindividualperson.keys:1).preserved 2).reserving 3).reserve 4).preservesiii词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)1.centraladj.中央的,核心的;(位于)中心的;主要的centern.圆心,正中;中心v.把……集中于centrallyadv.中央地,集中地2.attractvt.吸引,引起……的注意 attractionn.吸引(力);具有吸引力的人或物attractiveadj.有吸引力的,引起注意的3.tourismn.旅游事业 tourv.旅行,游历touristn.旅游者,观光者4.lengthn.长,长度,距离;一段,一节lengthenv.(使)变长,延伸longadj./adv.长(期)的(地)n.长时间vi.渴望5.settlern.移居者;殖民者settlevt.调停;安排;支付vi.定居;飞落settlementn.解决,协议;居留地6.translatorn.译者translatev.翻译translationn.翻译,译文7.admissionn.准许进(加)入;入场费(卷);承认admitvt.承认;准许……进(加)入vi.承认【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1).thecoastalareashavemildwinters,butbycontrastthe________(center)plainsbecome extremelycold.2).althoughourlooksdiffer,weareboth________(attract).3).oneofthemain________(attract)ofthejobisthehighsalary. 共15页,当前第2页1234567891011121314154).cambridgeisalwaysfullof________(tourism)inthesummer.5).infrontofthevillagerunsariver300milesin________(long).6).________(admit)totheconcertcosts£5.7).itissaidthatthefirst________(settle)ofthiscountrywereprisoners.8).ireadthebookin________(translate),notintheoriginalnorwegian.keys:1).central 2).attractive 3).attractions 4).tourists 5).length 6).admission 7).settlers 8).translationiv重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1.variousadj.不同的;各种各样的varyvi.&vt.有变化;改变varietyn.变化;种种;种类[典例]1).theirhobbiesaremanyandvarious.他们的业余爱好五花八门。2).therearevariouscolourstochoosefrom.有各种各样的颜色可供选择。[重点用法]manyandvarious各种各样的(多作表语) forvariousreasons由於种种原因aconsiderable/great/widevarietyof各种各样的 inavarietyofways用种种方法avarietyof+n.(复数)各种各样的 varietiesof+n.(可数或不可数)各种各样的[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或填介词。1).ofallthe________(variety)methodsoflearningaforeignlanguage,ithinkthisisthebest.2).________(variety)oftvprogrammesarebeingbroadcastontvatpresent.3).pricesvary________(介词)fiveyuan________(介词)tenyuan.4).theflowersvaried________(介词)colourandsize.keys:1).various 2).varieties 3).from;to 4).in 2.amusementn.娱乐品;娱乐;快乐amusev.使消遣;逗(某人)笑[典例]1).china’sculturalthemeparkoffersitsvisitorsavarietyofamusement.中华民俗园为游人提供了各种各样的娱乐项目。2).tohergreatamusementtheactor’swigfelloff.使她感到极其好笑的是那个演员的假发掉了下来。[重点用法]amuseoneselfwith 以……自娱 beamusedat/by/with...以……为乐,被某事物逗得开心beamusedtodo...做……取乐 toone’samusement使某人高兴/发笑的是[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。共15页,当前第3页1234567891011121314151).shelookedathimin________(amuse).2).thechildren______________(自娱)byplayinghideandseekgames. 3).whatdoyoudo_______(介词)amusementinthistown?keys:1).amusement 2).amusedthemselves 3).for 3.swing(swung,swung)vt.&vi.摇摆;摆动n.[c]摇摆;千秋[典例]1).hisarmsswung/heswunghisarmsashewalked.他走路时摆动着手臂。2).thegirlsatonaswing,swingingbackandforth.那个女孩坐在千秋上,前后摇摆。[重点用法]swingaround/round突然转向相反方向 swingsbfromsthtosth(使某人)突然改变观点或情绪等[练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1).she________(swing)herlegsfromsidetoside.2).she______________(突然转过身来)onhimangrily. 3).heswings_______(介词)wildoptimism_______(介词)totaldespair.keys:1).swung 2).swunground 3).from;to4.funn.[u]有趣的人或事,玩笑,娱乐 funnyadj.可笑的,有趣的,滑稽的[典例]1).skatingisgoodfun.滑冰很有趣。2).yourfriendisgreatfun.你的朋友真逗趣。[重点用法]whatfunitistodosth.做某事多有趣啊! befulloffun好玩得很havefun玩得开心,开展娱乐活动 forfun非认真地,开玩笑地,为了好玩infun开玩笑地,非故意地 makefunof取笑,拿……开玩笑 [练习]根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1).hisfatherisfullof________(很风趣).2).________________________________________(多有趣啊)haveaswiminthisriver! 3).something________(fun)happenedtohim1astnight.4).they________________________(取笑)herbecausesheworesuchstrangeclothes.keys:1).fun 2).whatfunitisto 3).funny 4).madefunof5.preservevt.保存;保留;保护n.[c,u]保护(区) preservationn.保存;储藏;维护[典例]1).oilpreservesmetalfromrust.油保护金属免于生锈。2).nohuntingisallowedinthepreserve.保护区内禁止打猎。我们已采取有效措施保护自然资源。[重点用法]preservesb.from保护某人免受 preservesth.for为……而保存/保留某物 共15页,当前第4页123456789101112131415keepsth.inpreserve=putsth.onpreserve保存/保留某物[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1).wehavetakeneffectivemeasures_________(preserve)ournaturalresources.2).ithinktheseoldcustomsshould_________(preserve).3).theaimofthepolicyisthe_________(preserve)ofwildlife.keys:1).topreserve 2).bepreserved 3).preservation6.advancevi.前进vt.预先发放,提前n.进展 advancedadj.高级的;先进的[典例]1).ourtroopshaveadvancedtwomiles.我们的部队已经前进了两英里。2).webenefitfromthecontinuedadvanceofcivilization.我们得益于文明的不断进步。[重点用法]advanceon/towardssb/sth向某人/物前进 advanceinsth改进/改善某物inadvance(ofsth)=beforehand=aheadoftime预先,事先,事前[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1).weareproudoftherecentadvances_______(介词)medicalscience. 2).theairlinesuggestsbookingtickets21days_______________(预先).3).ishouldwarnyou_______________(事先)thati’mnotaverygooddancer.4).thegangstersadvanced_______(介词)usshoutingangrily.5).despitehis________(advance)age,heoftentravelledabroad.keys:1).in 2).inadvance 3).inadvance 4).towards/on 5).advancedv重点词组 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1.befamous/knownfor由于……而闻名;以……而著称[典例]1).theareaisfamousforitsgreentea.这个地区以绿茶出名。2).newyorkisknownforitsskyscrapers.纽约以其摩天大楼驰名。[重点用法]befamous/knownassth.作为……而被知道,了解befamous/knowntosb.被某人所知道[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1).hangzhou_____________________(由于……而闻名)itsbeautifulwestlake.2).chaplinisfamous________hisfilms.3).chaplinisfamous________anartist.4).heisknown________thepolice.keys:1).isfamousfor 2).for 3).as 4).to2.nowonder=it’snowonderthat...难怪;不足为奇……[典例]1).youwenttobedat4am.nowonderyouaresotired.你早上四点才睡觉,难怪你这么疲倦。2).itisnowonderthathehaspassedtheexam.难怪他考试及格了。[重点用法]itisawonderthat...真想不到,令人惊奇的是…… do/workwonders创造奇迹共15页,当前第5页123456789101112131415wondertodosth惊讶(奇怪)干某事 wonderthat...感到奇怪,觉得惊讶wonderwhether(if)/when/why/how...想知道是否/什么时候/为什么/怎么……[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1).iwaswondering_______youwoulddomeafavor.2).it’s_______wonderthatyoushouldrecognizemeafteralltheseyears.3).helookedsotiredbefore,buthisholidayhas______________(创造奇迹).4).he’spassedthedrivingtest.______________(难怪)heissohappy.keys:1).if/whether 2).a 3).worked/donewonders 4).nowonder 3.bemodeledafter/on根据……模仿;仿造[典例]1).shemodelsherselfonherfavouritenovelist.她以最喜爱的小说家为榜样。2).thedesignofthebuildingismodeledonclassicalgreekforms.那建筑物的设计是模仿希腊的古典形式。[重点用法]model...after/on根据……模仿;以……作……的榜样 aworkingmodel一个劳模amodelhusband/employee一个模范丈夫、职员 thelatestmodel最新的型号[练习]根据句子的意思翻译。1).jimhadalways_____________________(以……作自己的榜样)hisgreathero,martinlutherking.2).theireducationsystem_____________________(模仿)thefrenchone.keys:1).modeledhimselfafter/on 2).ismodeledafter/on 4.cometolifevi.活跃起来;苏醒过来,振作起来,表现生动[典例]1).thewoundedsoldiercametolifeagain.伤兵又苏醒过来。2).thequietgirlhascometolifesincesheworkedasasaleswoman.那个少言寡语的姑娘自从当上售货员后变得活跃起来。[重点用法]cometosth共计为某数;等於某数 cometosb(that...):occurtosb(指看法)被某人想出cometosb(fromsb)(指钱、财产等)作为遗产送给或留给某人 cametoone’shelp来帮某人[练习]根据句子的意思翻译。 1).you’reverycoolwithyourbrother,butwithyourfriendsyoureally__________________(很活跃). 共15页,当前第6页1234567891011121314152).everybodythoughthewasdrownedbuthe__________________(苏醒过来).3).itsuddenly__________________(她突然想到)thatshehadbeenwrongallalong.4).thefarm__________________(把农场留给他)onhisfather’sdeath.5).她来帮助我们了。___________________________________________________________________________keys:1).cometolife 2).came(back)tolife 3).cametoher 4).cametohim 5).shecametoourhelp.=shehelpedus.5.within(easy)reachof... 在……可(容易)到达或前往的距离以内[典例]1).thehoteliswithineasyreachofthebeach.这家旅馆离海滩很近。2).pleaseputthedictionarywithinmyarm’sreach.请把词典放在我伸手够得着的地方。[重点用法]beyond/outof/within(one’s)reach超出/在某人所及的范围/能力(外/内)[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1).theshelfissohighitiswell____________________________(我根本够不着). 2).thegangliveabroad,_______(介词)reachofthebritishpolice.3).thetouristattractionsare____________________________(在……容易到达或前往的距离以内)thehotel.keys:1).outofmyreach 2).beyond 3).withineasyreachofvi重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)1.someparksarefamousforhavingthebiggestorlongestrollercoasters,othersforshowingthefamoussightsandsoundsofaculture.有些主题公园因为有着最大或最长的过山车而出名,另外一些因为展示了一种文化的著名的风景和声音而闻名。[解释]此句中含some...others“有些……有些……”句型,同时用了承上省略语法,又如:somepeoplehavenaturallybeautifulvoiceswhileothersrichfacialexpressions.有些人生就一副好嗓子,有些人则有丰富的脸部表情。[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1).onesideoftheboardshallbepaintedyellowand_____________________(另一面要油漆成绿色). 2).somechildrenwereplayingontheseesaw___________________________________(而有些小孩在滑梯上玩).keys:1).theothergreen 2).whileothersontheslide.2.ifdriving,futuroscopeiswithineasyreachofthefreeway.假如(你)开车的话,观测未来主题公园在高速公路很容易到达的地方。[解释]ifdriving,=if(youare)driving,注意:此处ifdriving的用法不够规范,因为主句中的主语不是“you”,所以“youare”不能省略。状语从句的省略语法归纳:1).省略的条件:a)当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句的主语和be动词可以省略。如:共15页,当前第7页123456789101112131415 when(youare)crossingthestreet,youshouldbecareful.b)从句的主语和主句的主语不一致,但从句的主语是it时,it和be动词可以省略。如: if(itis)necessary,youcanrefertoadictionary. 2).省略的句型:a)when/while/if(主语+be)+分词、形容词、介词等。如: when(hewas)askedwhathadhappened,hemadenoanswer.b)though/although(主语+be)+分词、形容词、介词等,或者though/although(主语+与主句谓语相同的v.)+副词。如:hedidquitewellintheexam,though/although(hedidit)abitfast.[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。 1).don’tsayawordunless_______(ask). 2).iwanttoavoidtherushhourtraffic______________(如果有可能的话).3).iwalkorusepublictransport______________(每当可能的话).keys:1).asked 2).ifpossible 3).wheneverpossible二、课文要点1课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:therearevariouskindsof___1___(主题公园).someparksarefamousforhavingthebiggestorlongest___2___(过山车),othersforshowingthefamoussightsandsoundofa___3___(文化).whicheveryoulike,thereis athemeparkforyou.disneyland,afantasy__4 __(amuse)park,whichoffersavarietyof___5_____(attract)fortourists,willbringyou___6___a magicworld.dollywood,oneofthemost 7 (独特的)themeparksintheworld,showsandcelebratesamerica’s___8___(tradition)southeasternculture.ifyouwantto__9__(体验)theancientdaysandgreatdeedsofenglish__10___(武士)andladies,princeandqueens,thenengland’scamelotparkistheplaceforyou.答案: 1.themeparks 2.rollercoasters 3.culture 4.amusement 5.attractions 6.magic 7.unique 8.traditional 9.experience 10.knights2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)阅读课文,试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。文章通过描绘迪士尼乐园,多莱坞公园和卡默洛特公园三个例子告诉我们有各种各样的主题公园以满足人们的口味。 fromthetextweknowthat___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案:fromthetextweknowthattherearevariouskindsofthemeparkstomeetpeople’stastesbydescribingdisneyland,dollywood,andcamelotparkasthreeexamples.共15页,当前第8页1234567891011121314153课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)1.【原句】someparksarefamousforhavingthebiggestorlongestrollercoasters,othersforshowingthefamoussightsandsoundsofaculture.有些公园以具有最大或最长的过山车而闻名,其他的则以著名的景点和文化而闻名。 [模仿要点]句子结构:some…,others… 【模仿1】有些学生喜欢用电脑作为辅助的教学方法,其他学生喜欢粉笔加黑板传统方式。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:somestudentsarefondofbeingtaughtinamodernwaywithcomputerasanassistant,othersofbeingtaughtinatraditionalwayusingchalkandblackboard.【模仿2】有些学生对玩户外游戏有兴趣,其他人有室内活动有兴趣。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:somestudentsareinterestedinplayingoutdoorgames,othersinhavingindooractivities.2.【原句】withalltheseattractions,nowondertourismisincreasingwhereverthereisadisneyland.有着这些景点,难怪哪里有迪斯尼乐园哪里的旅游业在上升。[模仿要点]句子结构:with+名词作状语,+ nowonder(主句)+wherever/whenever/whatever引导的从句【模仿1】由于他的所有努力,难怪他能消化他所学到的任何东西。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:withallhisefforts,nowonderheisabletodigestwhateverheistaught.【模仿2】由于有这么多的压力,每当有考试时,难怪现在的学生感到紧张。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:withsomuchpressure,nowonderthestudentsnowadaysarenervouswheneverthereisanexam. 3.【原句】dollywood,inthebeautifulsmokymountainsinthesoutheasternusa,isoneofthemostuniquethemeparksintheworld.多莱坞,位于美国东南部美丽的大烟山里,是世界上一个最独特的主题公园之一。[模仿要点]句子结构:介词短语作定语【模仿1】湖光岩,广东省湛江市中部,是中国一处最有名的文化遗产之一_______________________________________________________________________________答案:huguangyan,inthecentreofzhanjiangintheguangdongprovince,isoneofthemostfamousculturalrelicsinchina.【模仿2】南海区位于广东省南部,是中国最有吸引力的风景名胜之一。_______________________________________________________________________________答案:nanhai,locatedinthesouthofguangdongprovince,isoneofthemostattractiveplacesofinterestinchina.三、单元自测1完形填空阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—30各题所给的a、b、c和d项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。共15页,当前第9页123456789101112131415字数:291完成时间:15分钟难度:**** havingleftthetown,thegirlstoppedthecaratthelandingneartheentranceofthebay. shesteppedintothe 21 androwedoutsilently.thetidewasrushingtotheentranceandbeyondtothewildopensea.shehadtorowacrossthebaytoreachtheotherside.thewavesstruckagainstthesideoftheboat, 22 anduneven;itbecame 23 difficulttorow.ifsherestedforamoment,thetidewouldpushtheboatbacktowardsthe 24 . shewasn'tevenhalfway,butshewasalreadyfiredandherhands 25 frompullingontheroughwoodenoars(船桨)."i'mnevergoingto 26 it",shethought.sherestedtheoarsonherkneesand 27 herheadhelplessly,thenlookedupasshefelttheboatshift(晃动)againstthetide. theeastwind,whichhadswung(旋转)aroundfromthesouth-west,cametohelpherandpushedtheboattowardsthemountains.itwasgoingtobeallfight.herhandsweren'tsopainful.herchestdidn'tfeelasifitwasabouttoburstanymore. thelightsofthetownbecame 28 oneoftheoarsbangedagainstthesideoftheboatandshe 29 itwithastart.hadshebeenasleep,orjustdreaming?shelookedoverhershoulder.shewasalmostonthebeach.thegirlgaveonelastpullontheoarstogroundtheboat,andthenlaybackagainsttheseat.shelistenedtothewaves 30 andknewshehadcomehome.faracrossthemoonlitbaythelightswerenomorethanasparklingchain. 21.a.car b.boat c.ship d.mail 22.a.deep b.calm c.gentle d.rough 23.a.more b.less c.as d.least共15页,当前第10页123456789101112131415 24.a.home b.mountains c.south-west d.entrance 25.a.hurt b.ruined c.troubled d.broke 26.a.get b.make c.keep d.take 27.a.mined b.dropped c.cocked d.raised 28.a.brighter b.bigger c.closer d.smaller 29.a.destroyed b.threw c.repaired d.seized 30.a.anxiouslyb.happily c.sadly d.carefully答案: 21.b.boat.考查名词.从前面的bay和后面的rowed可得到提示(c+m能力——语篇信息能力)。 22.d.rough.考查形容词,与uneven并列(c能力——句组信息能力)。 23.a;more.考查形容词,从前面进行推断(m能力——语篇信息推理能力)。 24.d.entrance.考查名词,从第一句可推断出答案(c+m能力——推理能力)。 25.a.hurt.考查动词,从文章意思去判断(c+m能力——语篇信息能力)。 26.b.make.考查动词,从文章意思去判断(m能力——语篇信息能力)。 27.b.dropped.考查动词,从前后文均可得出答案(c+m能力——语篇信息能力)。 28.nsmaller.考查形容词(c+m能力——句组信息能力)。 29.d.seized.考查动词,从篇章细节可得出答案(m能力——语篇信息能力)。 30.b.happily.考查副词,从语境去推断(c+m能力——推理能力)共15页,当前第11页123456789101112131415