unit9-unit10
提纲挈领
单元
考查重点及热点
unit9
单词coalcontentsummarisesouthafricakillerviolencestressresponsibilitypovertyequality fairness cooperationwillingnesswipeperdefendincorrectaffectadvise
短语takepartintakeaction airconditionerputanendtoadvisesb.(not)todosth.
句型1.betodo结构2.only+状语+倒装句
unit10
单词frighteningterrifyburyashmudrisedirtsightcouragefleearrivalbathpillowdaylightimmediatelyfreshwebinchboardsteamshipunbelievabletonuncomfortablealoudreading
短语onenddrawone’sattention(to)athandcalm(sb.)downonboardknockaboutallofasuddenlivethroughasthough(=asif)
句型1.upon/on+n./doing2.whethertodo
unit9理解:要点诠释
单词1.advise讲:vt.&vi.忠告,劝告,建议,通知,商量主要结构:advisesth.;advisedoingsth.;advisesb.todosth;advise+thatclause;advisesb.againstdoingsth;advisesb.onsth;advisesb.+疑问词+不定式;advisesb.ofsth.例:thereisnoonetoadviseme.无人能给我忠告。iadvisewaitinguntiltomorrow.我建议等到明天。iadviseyoutostartatonce.我劝你立刻出发。theywereadvisednottogoabroad.他们被奉劝不要出国。stronglyadviseyouagainstgoingabroad.我力劝你不要出国。headvisesusoneconomicaffairs.他给我们提供有关经济事务的建议。hecouldnotadvisemewhattodonext.他无法教我接下来该做什么。canyouadvisemewhetherishouldgoabroad?你能不能指点我该不该出国?iadvisedhimthathe(should)goatonce.我劝他应该马上去。thedoctoradvisedacompleterest.医生建议充分休息。pleaseadviseusofthedate.请将日期通知我们。wewereadvisedoftherisk.有人告知我们那项风险。wewereadvisedthattheycouldnotacceptouroffer.我们获得通知,说他们不能接受我们的提议。youhadbetteradvisewithhimonthesituation.你最好就当前形势请教他。链接·提示 (1)advise作“通知”讲后跟宾语从句时,用陈述语气;作“建议”讲后跟宾语从句时,用虚拟语气。(2)比较advise和persuade(说服)。练:wetrustyou;onlyyoucan________himtogiveupsmoking.a.suggest b.attractc.advise d.persuade提示:本题考查动词辨析。根据第一句话所提供的语境分析,此处应该使用persuade,表示“说服”。答案:d2.content讲:n.内容;目录;满意adj.满足的;满意的vt使满意(=satisfy)短语:becontenttodosth.=bereadytodosth.愿意做某事共6页,当前第1页123456becontentwithsth.=bepleased/satisfiedwith对……满意例:ialwaysreadthecontentsofabookfirstofall.我总是先看书的目录。he’snotcontentwithhispresentjob.他对目前的工作并不满意。heiscontentjusttositinfrontofthetvsetallday.他只要整天坐在电视机前就心满意足了。wehadthechancetoplaygolftoourheartscontent.我们有了尽情打高尔夫球的机会。itisimpossibletocontenteverybody.使人人都满意是不可能的。链接·提示 注意content用作形容词时,意思不同所跟的搭配也不同。练:aftersomanyperformances,hehadmanagedtolearnthe________oftheletterbyheart.a.pages b.joke c.news d.contents提示:content意为“内容”,page“页码”,joke“笑话”,news“新闻”。本句话表示“他已经想法熟记了信的内容”,故选d项。答案:d3.affect讲:vt.影响;感动;侵袭;假装例:someplantsarequicklyaffectedbycold.有些植物对寒冷很敏感。theriseinthepriceofbreadwillaffectusall.面包售价上涨,我们大家都会受影响。hewasmuchaffectedbythesadnews.这个凄惨的消息使他十分难过。sheaffectsanamericanaccent.她装出美国腔调。heaffectednottohearme.他假装没听见我。链接·提示 effectn.结果;效果;影响;作用。构成短语haveaneffecton...“对……有影响(作用)”;comeintoeffect实行,实施;bring/putsth.intoeffect使某物开始使用;ineffect事实上;takeeffect生效;effectiveadj.有效的练:(XX甘肃兰州诊断考试)itisreportedthatthegeneralpublicwon’tbe________bytheh5n1birdfludiseaseifthey_________sickordeadpoultry.a.infected;keepawayfrom b.affected;keepoffc.spread;runawayfrom d.transmitted;takeoutof提示:本题考查动词用法。由句意“大众只要不接触病死的禽鸟就不会感染禽流感”可知选a。infect感染。答案:a4.stress讲:vt.着重;强调n.压力;紧张;强调短语:put/laystresson...重视例:hestressedtheimportanceofcooperation.他强调合作的重要性。thespeakerstressedtheneedforbettereducation.演讲人强调获取更好教育的必要性。shestressedthatshewasn’tgoingtohelp.她强调说她不会帮忙。heisundergreatstressbecauseofhisnewjob.共6页,当前第2页123456新工作使他感到沉重的压力。heissufferingfromfevercausedbystress.他因紧张而发烧。someschoolslay/putstressonforeignlanguageeducation.有些学校重视外语教育。练:inrecentyearsmuchmorestresshasbeenput______evelopingthestudentsproductiveskills.a.over b.into c.with d.on提示:putstresson是固定搭配,意为“强调……”。答案:d短语1.takeaction讲:该短语的意思为“采取行动”,注意名词action前面没有冠词。例:ifeltthatitwastimeformetotakeaction.我感觉是我采取行动的时候了。ididn’ttakeimmediateaction.我没有立即采取行动。thegovernmenttooknoactiontostopthepollution.政府没有采取措施来制止污染。whatactionareyougoingtotake?你要采取什么样的措施?链接·提示 同义词为takemeasures。比较:takeaperson’smeasure给某人量体。练:hedemandedthatquickactionshouldbe_______beforethingsgotevenworse.a.made b.held c.taken d.carried提示:根据固定短语takeaction“采取行动”得出答案。答案:c2.putanendto讲:该短语为及物动词短语,后跟名词作宾语,表示“结束;制止”。例:let’sputanendtothisquarrel.我们结束这场争吵吧。weshouldputanendtothewar.我们应该结束这场战争。wemustputanendtothisfoolishbehaviour.我们必须制止这种愚蠢的行为。链接·提示 比较:bring...toanend使……结束;cometoanend完毕;结束。 hebroughthislecturetoanendaroundtenoclock. 他在10点左右结束了他的演讲。 themeetingcametoanendearly. 会议很早就结束了。练:thegovernmentdeclaredthatitwould_______anendtosomeunfairpoliciesthenextmonth.a.make b.bring c.take d.put提示:根据固定搭配putanendto“结束;终结”得出答案。答案:d
句型1.betodo结构讲:请观察下面课文原句:共6页,当前第3页123456ifwearetodeveloptheworldsuccessfully,wemustmakesurethateveryoneisabletotakepartinthenewworldwecreate.如果我们要成功地开发世界,就必须确保人人都能够参与我们创造的新世界。betodosth.结构为动词不定式作表语的特定用法,注意下列例句中该结构所表达的不同意思。例:wearetomeetattheschoolgate.我们约好在校门口碰头。theprizeistohonourhimforhisgreatdiscovery.奖品是为了表彰他的重大发现。hetraveledtomanymountainvillagesandsawmanypoorchildrenoutofschool.thisexperiencewastochangehislife.他走了许多山村,看到了很多贫苦孩子失学。这一段经历后来改变了他的一生。链接·提示 betodo结构可以表示:(1)预定 heistoreturnfromgermanytomorrow. (2)(表义务)应该做、必须做 youaretobebackby9o’clock. (3)(表可能)会做 (4)(表命运)注定练:atthattimefewpeoplewouldaccepteinstein’sideas,which_______correctmanyyearslater.a.weretoprove b.wereprovedc.wouldhaveproved d.weregoingtoprove提示:betodo在此表示“注定”。答案:a2.only+状语+倒装句讲:请观察下面教材原句:onlybychangingthewaywelivecanwesavetheearth.只有通过改变生活方式我们才能拯救地球。当only引导状语位于句首时,句子使用主谓语倒装的词序。suspenseinnewsistorture.难辨消息的真假,对人是一种折磨。例:onlywithhardworkcanyouexpecttogetapayrise.只有努力工作你才有加薪的可能。onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnmathswell.只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。链接·提示 注意只用only引导的成分作状语且位于句首时才能倒装。练:maryhadtowokateveningsandweekends.onlyinthisway_______abletocompletethereportbythedeadline.a.wasshe b.shewasc.hadshebeen d.shehadbeen提示:onlyinthisway作状语且位于句首,使用倒装,故首先排除b、d两项。根据上下文应用一般过去时。答案:a辨析1.asthough,eventhough,though共6页,当前第4页123456 (1)asthough=asif“好像;似乎”,用来引导方式状语从句或表语从句。asthough比asif较正式,描述非现实情况时,asif/asthough从句中用虚拟语气;在口语中,主句为现在时,而且有内容可清楚辨别是表达现实的意思时,在asif后的从句有时也可以用现在时。此外,若使用现在时,这是表达实际的事实关系;asif/asthough从句里的主语和动词,有时可省略。(2)eventhough=evenif“即使;纵使”,用来引导让步状语从句。evenif的从句有强烈的假设性,而eventhough则多以此从句内容为前提。eventhoughheispoor,sheloveshim.=heispoor,yetsheloveshim.尽管他很贫穷,但她还是爱他。(3)though“虽然”,用来引导让步状语从句。eventhough有退一步设想的意味,与though不同。though引导的句子所说的是事实,eventhough引导的句子所说的则不一定是事实。另外,though还可用于倒装句,这时作表语的名词或形容词要提前。注意:though不能和but连用。即时练习:(1)shealwaystalkstome_________sheweremysister.(2)hewalkedslowly__________hehadhurthisleg.(3)itlooks_________wewillbelate.(4)__________ihavetosellmyhouse,iwillkeepmybusinessgoing.(5)hewillnottellmethesecret_________heknowsit.答案:(1)asif/asthough (2)asif/asthough(3)asif/asthough (4)evenif/eventhough(5)evenif/eventhough/though2.defend,guard,protect这三个词都有“保护”之意,但强调的重点不同。defend指用武力或其他措施保护某人/物在面临危险时不受损害。protect指利用各种安全防御措施,尽力照顾某人/物,以使其不受损害。guard指留心守望,警戒,防止可能受攻击或侵害。itisthedutyofeverychinesecitizentodefendhismotherland.对中国每个公民来说,保卫祖国是他们的义务。clothesprotectusfromcold.衣服使我们御寒。heraisedhisarmtoprotecthisfacefromtheblow.他抬起胳膊保护脸免遭拳击。twobigdogsguardthefarmagainststrangers.两条大狗保卫着农场,防备陌生人。即时练习:weshouldtryourbest,inmyopinion,todoallthatwecan________theseancientculturalrelics.a.toprotect b.protectingc.protected d.andprotect提示:此处用动词不定式作目的状语。答案:a诱思:实例点拨【例1】(XX辽宁模拟)followyourdoctor’sadvice,_________yourcoughwillgetworse.a.or b.and c.then d.so共6页,当前第5页123456提示:“祈使句+or+简单句”是一常见的基本句式,意为“干某事,否则就会……”。答案:a讲评:注意从前后句的意思上去选择or或and。【例2】(XX浙江模拟)thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithout________hisnotes.a.bringingup b.referringtoc.lookingfor d.tryingto提示:分析四个词组的意思,bringup意为“养大,抚养”;referto意为“提到,参考”;lookfor意为“寻找”;tryon意为“试穿,试载”,分析题意应选referto。答案:b讲评:注意分析四个短语动词的意思和与后面的名词hisnotes的搭配。共6页,当前第6页123456