reading(1)
teachingobjectives:
1.toreinforcestudents’comprehensionofthetextandimprovetheirotherskillsbyparticipatinginalltheactivities.
2.tohelpstudentsknowthewidespreaddiscussionaboutcloningandholdtheirownattitudestowardsit.
3.toenablestudentstomasterthereadingstrategyandbecomemorecompetentinreadingarticlesrelatedtoscience.
teachingfocusanddifficulties:
1.studentscanworkoutthemeaningofdifficultorunfamiliarscientifictermswithreadingstrategy.
2.studentscanholdtheirownopinionsonthebaseofreadingthearticle.
teachingaids:
themultimedia
briefteachingprocedures:
step1lead-in
checkthehomework.encouragestudentstosharetheirsourcesrelevanttocloningtechnologywiththewholeclass.tellstudentsthatcloninghasbeenthesubjectofscientificexperimentsforyears.therecentsuccessincloninganimalshasresultedinfiercedebatesbetweenscientists,politiciansandpublic.
step2readingstrategy
getstudentstogothroughthereadingstrategy,andmakesurethateveryoneofthemunderstandshowtoworkoutthemeaningofthesescientificterms.
step1 beginbyreadingthefirstandlastparagraphsforanideaofwhatthearticleisabout.
step2 circleanywordsyoudonotnow.questionthingsyoudonotunderstandorthatdonotappeartomakesense.
step3 readthroughthearticleafewtimes,andmakesenseofthescientifictermsuponfurtherreadings.
step3firstreading—mainidea
askstudentstorefertothereadingpassageandfindoutthemainidea.
(thereadingpassageismadeupofanewspaperarticleaboutcloningandtworeaders’letters.wewillbegiveninformationabouthowcloningisbeingresearchedandthedifferentattitudestowardsit.)
step4secondreading—understandingscientificterms
askstudentstocircletheunfamiliarwordsorthingstheydonotunderstandwhilesecondreading. (forexample:embryo,tissuesandorgans,interferewithnature,etc)
step5thirdreading—detailedinformation
askstudentstoreadonlythearticlecarefully,andfinishthefollowingexercises:
1.whatarethedifferentattitudestowardsthesuccessofcloningahumanembryo?
ontheonehand(valuabletissuesandorganscanbeproducedandbeusedtosavehumanlives)共
ontheotherhand(humanbeingsmaybeonthewaytoproducingareal-lifemonster)
somepeopleconsiderthat(cloninghumanembryoswiththeintentiontodestroythemshowsnorespectforhumanlife.)
2.whoarethepersonsinthearticlerelatedtocloning?
persons introductions relationstocloning
ianwilumt ascottishscientistwhocreateddolly,thefirstmammaltobeclonedsuccessfullyfromanadultcell hewasshockedwhenhearingsomescientistswereconsideringcloninghumanbeings.heneverintendstocreatecopiesofhumans.instead,hethinkstheeffortsofscientistsshouldbedirectedtowardscreatingnewcellsandorgansthatcouldbeusedtocurediseaseslikecancer.
fayewilson awomanof41yearsoldwhocannothaveababy. sheisdesperatetohaveababyofherown,achildthatisgeneticallyrelatedtoher.
severinoantinori anitaliandoctor,whoisoneoftheleadersinthecloningresearch hehasdeclaredthathewantstobethefirsttocloneahumanbeing.
chinesescientists whohavefocusedtheireffortsoncloninganimalsandstemcellstobeusedinmedicalresearch chinahassucceededinproducingclonesofcowsandgoats,andcontinuestoresearchthewaysinwhichcloningcanbenefitmankind.
askstudentstoreadthetwoletterscarefully,andjudgewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalse:
paulinecarterthinks:
1.thenaturewillpaybackifweinterferewithnature. (t)
2.weshouldclonefewerbabiestoreduceearth’spopulation. (f)
3.theladywhocannothaveababycanadoptanorphan,butnothaveaclonedbaby. (t)
colinejakethinks:
1.thenewsthatthefirsthumanembryohasbeclonedsuccessfullyisveryterrible. (f)
2.scientistshavesucceededinchallengingquestionsofmorality. (f)
3.humancloningisagoodwaytosaveherdaughterwhohasdied. (f)
step6furtherdiscussion
understandingthescientifictermsandreinforcingthecomprehensionofthetext,studentsaregottoformgroupsoffourorsixtodiscussthefurtherquestions:
1.findthereasonswhypeoplearepro-oranti-cloninginthearticleandlettersandwritetheminthetablebelow
pro-cloning anti-cloning
1.producevaluabletissuesandorgansthatcouldbeusedtosavehumanlives 1.mayproduceareal-lifefrankenshtein’smonster共
2.curediseaselikecancer 2.createmorediseaseintheanimalworld
3.helpthosewhoareunabletohavechildren 3.cloningshowsnorespectforhumanlife
4.helpthosewhowanttoclonetheirdeadchildren 4.humanlifewouldnolongerbeunique
5.weshouldbehavingfewerbabiesinordertoreduceearth’spopulation,notcloningmore
2.doyouthinkitwouldbeeasyfortheclonedbabytoaccepthis/hersocialidentityasa‘cloned’humanbeing?
3.whatwouldthepersonthathadtheoriginalcellfeelabouttheclonedbaby?
4.thinkabouttherelationshipbetweenthetitleoftheunitscienceversusnatureandcloningtechnology.
step7homework
thinkaboutthedifficultscientifictermsunderlinedbeforeuponthetextlearning
reading(2)—languagepoints
1.arecentannouncementbyscientiststhattheyhavesuccessfullyclonedthefirsthumanembryo…
announcement(n.)宣告,通知,声明
(短语)make/issueanannouncement发表声明
announce(vt.)宣告,通知,声明
(短语)announcesth.tosb.(不能用announcesb.sth.)
(比较)announce/declare
announce指对公众或特定的一群关心的人进行宣布;declare指官方的正式宣告
everyonewassilentasheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetition.
thispowerfulcountrydeclaredwaronthatsmallcountry.
2.ontheonehand,somescientistspointoutthatifyoucloneanembryo,youcan…
①on(the)onehand…ontheotherhand…一方面…另一方面…(单独使用ontheotherhand时,hand不能省略,但与ontheonehand连用时,可省略)
ononehand,rapiddevelopmentoftheeconomywillimprovethelivingconditionsofthepeople.ontheotherhand,itwillspeedupenvironmentaldestruction.
(短语)athand在手边,在附近 byhand亲手,手工
inhand手头现有的,正在进行,在处理中
handinhand手拉手
handsoff!请勿动手!不许干涉 handsup!举起手来!
②pointout指出 hepointedoutmymistake.他指出我的错误。
pointto/pointat指着,指向某人或某物(两个词组可互换使用)hepointedat/toapicture.
pointat对准,瞄准(某人用枪对准某人某物等)
theypointedatherheadbutshewasnotafraid.
pointto表明,指向(主语为证据、时针以及宾语为某一方向时)
theevidencepointstohimasthecriminal.共
thehandsoftheclockpointedtohalfpastthree.
thecompassneedlepointstothenorth.
3.…theymaybeontheirwaytoproducingareal-lifefrankensrein’smonster.
onone’s(the)waytodoingsth.“正在做某事的过程中”.to是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词短语
(练习)i’vejustheardawarning______theradiothatastormmaybe______itsway.
a.on,on b.over,in c.on,above d.from,on
(短语)onone’s(the)wayto在去…的途中 bytheway顺便问问,顺便说说
bywayof途经 inaway在某种意义上,在某种程度上
inone’s(the)way挡路 inthisway用这种方式
4.however,ingeneralthescientistswerepraisedfortheirwonderfulscientificbreakthrough.
①ingeneral一般说来,从总体上看,大体上
ingeneral,redisthemostpopularcolourthisseason.
(短语)inageneralway一般,通常 asageneralrule在一般情况下
②praise(vi.&vt.&n.)表扬,赞扬,表彰
(短语)winhighpraise受到高度赞扬 inpraiseof赞扬(某人)
beyondallpraises赞美不尽的,赞不绝口的
beloudinsb.’spraise对某人极力称赞
praisesb.forsth.因某事而赞美/称赞某人
(练习)hegaveaspeechinpraiseofschoollife.
他做了一个赞美学校生活的演讲。
heishighlypraisedforhisresearchongenes.
他的基因研究受到了高度赞扬。
5.however,somepeopleconsiderthatcloninghumanembryoswiththeintentionofdestroyingthemshowsnorespectforhumanlife.
withtheintentionof为了,以…为目的或意图
hehasdecidedtogoabroadtostudywiththeintentionofimprovinghisenglishandfindingabetterjobwhenhereturns.
intention(n.)目的,打算,意图
(词组)withoutintention无意地 makeone’sintensionclear说清楚自己的目的
state/announceone’sintention声明自己的意图
(练习)ibeganreadingwiththe___b___offinishingthebook,butineverdid.
a.interview b.intention c.application d.consideration共
6.idon’twanttoadoptsomeoneelse’schildandidon’twanttouseanotherwoman’segg—iwantachildthatisgenericallyrelatedtome.
①adopt(vt.)收养,领养;采用,采纳(议案、意见等)
canyouadoptmynewidea?
theyadoptedaneighbour’sboy.
(词组)adoptmeasures/newmethods/anidea采取措施/采用新办法/采纳意见
adoptaresolution通过一项议案
anadoptedson养子 adoptedwords外来词
(比较)adopt/adapt
adopt收养,领养;采用,采纳(议案、意见等);adapt使适合,使适应adapt…to…;改编adapt…for…
shehadtoadaptherselftolocalconditions.她必须使自己适应当地的情况。
thisenglishnovelwasadaptedforthestage.这部小说被改编成了剧本。
(练习)thecoupledecidedto_____aboybecausetheyhadthreegirls.
a.adapt b.adopt c.receive b.keep
②berelatedto与…有关联;与…有联系
canyourelatewhathappenedinyourchildhoodtoyourpresentstateofmind?
relate(v)和…相关,把…与…关联起来
relation(n.)关系,联系,家属,亲属
relative(adj.)有关系的,相对的;(n.)亲戚,亲属
7.whilecloninghumanembryosisillegalinmanycountries,somescientistsarealreadypushingaheadwithresearchsoastodeliveraclonedhumanbaby.
①while(conj.)当…的时候,和…同时(while引导的从句要表示一段时间)
johncameinwhileiwastypingaletter.当我正在用打字机打一封信时,约翰进来了。
(conj.)然而,虽然,尽管
whilehewashatedbyothers,ilikedhim.他虽受人恨,但我却喜欢他。
(练习)______englishcanbedifficulttolearn,itisaveryusefultoolforcommunication.
a.because b.as c.once d.while
②pushaheadwith推进,推行,毅然继续做某事
itishardtopushaheadwithsuchanunpopularpolicy.
这样一个不得人心的政策很难推行下去的。
(词组)pushahead/forward/onwithsth.毅然继续做某事共
pushsth.forward提出某事,迫使他人考虑或注意某事
pushsb./sth.over使某人/某物倒下;推倒某人/某物
③deliver在这里“接生,使分娩”之意
herbabywasdeliveredbyanexperienceddoctor.
该词还有“投递,传送,释放,表达,解救”等意思
(词组)deliversb.fromdanger 救某人脱险
deliversth.tosb. 把某物交付给某人
deliveramessage/aletter 传话/送信
deliveraspeech 发表演说
bedeliveredof 生下孩子
8.chinahassucceededinproducingclonesofcowsandgoats,andcontinuestoresearchwaysinwhichcloningcanbenefitmankind.
①succeedindoingsth.成功地做某事(反义词组)failtodosth.
afterpracticingmore,hesucceededinpassingthedrivingtest.
success(n.) successful(adj.) successfully(adv.)
②benefit(n.)利益,好处;(pl.)救济金
(词组)beofbenefitto对…有裨益 forthebenefitof…为了…的利益
itissaidyogaisofgreatbenefittohumanhealth.
(vt.&vi.)有益于
benefitsb./sth.有益于某人/某物 benefitfrom/by从…中获益
suchfoolishbehaviorwillnotbenefityou.
weallbenefitedfromhersuccess.
9.wecouldproduceamonster,orevenasuperhumanracethatcouldonedayendupreplacingus.
endup以…而告终,后接现在分词;endupwith/in/as后接名词
atfirstherefusedtoacceptanyresponsibilitybutheendedupapologizing.
thepartyendedupwithasong.
ifyoucontinuetosteal,youwillendupinprison.
10.humanlifewouldnolongerbeunique;itwouldjustbeaproductforsale.
forsale待售,出售的
thelandisnowforsaleatthatpricetoanyone.
现将那块地按该价出售,任何人都可购买。
onsale(英)出售,(美)廉价出售
tomatosoupthatisusuallysoldattwelvecentsabowlisnowonsalefortencents.
11.iwouldliketocommentonyourarticle‘theperfectcopy’.共
comment(n.&vi.)评论,评注
(词组)make(acomment)commentsonsb./sth.同commenton/upon/aboutsb./sth.评论某人(某事)
hemadeseveralcommentsonthebook.
wewouldliketheaudiencetocommentonournewplay.
12.afterall,scientistshavebeenchallengingquestionsofmoralityforcenturies.
afterall毕竟,终究,别忘了
weallthoughthathewouldfail,buthesucceededafterall.
我们都认为他要失败,可他还是成功了。
(短语)aboveall首要,特别是 firstofall首先,首要的是
inall总共,总计 not…atall一点儿也不
allthesame仍然,还是 notatall一点也不,不用客气
allthebest万事如意 allthetime一直
13.whenreadingarticlesrelatedtoscience,weoftencomeacrossdifficultorunfamiliarwords.
comeacross (偶尔)碰到,遇见,发现;同义词组runacross,runinto,meetwith
(短语)comeabout发生 cometo达到,总计
comeon加油,快点 comeover过来
comeup走上前,走过来
comeout出来,(花)开放,出版,(消息)传出
(练习)jimwasveryhappyyesterdaybecausehe__b__thebookthathewanted.
a.cameto b.cameacross c.cameabout d.cameout
共